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Compare Virgin Islands (2002) - Indian Ocean (2003)

Compare Virgin Islands (2002) z Indian Ocean (2003)

 Virgin Islands (2002)Indian Ocean (2003)
 Virgin IslandsIndian Ocean
Administrative divisions none (territory of the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are three islands at the second order; Saint Croix, Saint John, Saint Thomas -
Age structure 0-14 years: 26.7% (male 16,926; female 16,012)


15-64 years: 64.2% (male 35,801; female 43,443)


65 years and over: 9.1% (male 4,851; female 6,465) (2002 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products fruit, vegetables, sorghum; Senepol cattle -
Airports 2 (2001) -
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2002)		 -
Area total: 352 sq km


land: 349 sq km


water: 3 sq km		 total: 68.556 million sq km


note: includes Andaman Sea, Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Flores Sea, Great Australian Bight, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, Java Sea, Mozambique Channel, Persian Gulf, Red Sea, Savu Sea, Strait of Malacca, Timor Sea, and other tributary water bodies
Area - comparative twice the size of Washington, DC about 5.5 times the size of the US
Background During the 17th century, the archipelago was divided into two territorial units, one English and the other Danish. Sugarcane, produced by slave labor, drove the islands' economy during the 18th and early 19th centuries. In 1917, the US purchased the Danish portion, which had been in economic decline since the abolition of slavery in 1848. The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean, but larger than the Southern Ocean and Arctic Ocean). Four critically important access waterways are the Suez Canal (Egypt), Bab el Mandeb (Djibouti-Yemen), Strait of Hormuz (Iran-Oman), and Strait of Malacca (Indonesia-Malaysia). The decision by the International Hydrographic Organization in the spring of 2000 to delimit a fifth ocean, the Southern Ocean, removed the portion of the Indian Ocean south of 60 degrees south.
Birth rate 15.85 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Budget revenues: $364.4 million


expenditures: $364.4 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1990 est.)		 -
Capital Charlotte Amalie -
Climate subtropical, tempered by easterly trade winds, relatively low humidity, little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season May to November northeast monsoon (December to April), southwest monsoon (June to October); tropical cyclones occur during May/June and October/November in the northern Indian Ocean and January/February in the southern Indian Ocean
Coastline 188 km 66,526 km
Constitution Revised Organic Act of 22 July 1954 -
Country name conventional long form: United States Virgin Islands


conventional short form: Virgin Islands


former: Danish West Indies		 -
Currency US dollar (USD) -
Death rate 5.58 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Debt - external $NA -
Dependency status organized, unincorporated territory of the US with policy relations between the Virgin Islands and the US under the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of the US) -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of the US) -
Disputes - international none some maritime disputes (see littoral states)
Economic aid - recipient $NA -
Economy - overview Tourism is the primary economic activity, accounting for more than 70% of GDP and 70% of employment. The islands normally host 2 million visitors a year. The manufacturing sector consists of petroleum refining, textiles, electronics, pharmaceuticals, and watch assembly. The agricultural sector is small, with most food being imported. International business and financial services are a small but growing component of the economy. One of the world's largest petroleum refineries is at Saint Croix. The islands are subject to substantial damage from storms. The government is working to improve fiscal discipline, support construction projects in the private sector, expand tourist facilities, reduce crime, and protect the environment. The Indian Ocean provides major sea routes connecting the Middle East, Africa, and East Asia with Europe and the Americas. It carries a particularly heavy traffic of petroleum and petroleum products from the oilfields of the Persian Gulf and Indonesia. Its fish are of great and growing importance to the bordering countries for domestic consumption and export. Fishing fleets from Russia, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan also exploit the Indian Ocean, mainly for shrimp and tuna. Large reserves of hydrocarbons are being tapped in the offshore areas of Saudi Arabia, Iran, India, and western Australia. An estimated 40% of the world's offshore oil production comes from the Indian Ocean. Beach sands rich in heavy minerals and offshore placer deposits are actively exploited by bordering countries, particularly India, South Africa, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
Electricity - consumption 948.6 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 1.02 billion kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Crown Mountain 474 m		 lowest point: Java Trench -7,258 m


highest point: sea level 0 m
Environment - current issues lack of natural freshwater resources endangered marine species include the dugong, seals, turtles, and whales; oil pollution in the Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea
Ethnic groups black 80%, white 15%, other 5%


note: West Indian (45% born in the Virgin Islands and 29% born elsewhere in the West Indies) 74%, US mainland 13%, Puerto Rican 5%, other 8%		 -
Exchange rates the US dollar is used -
Executive branch chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (Since 20 January 2001)


head of government: Governor Dr. Charles Wesley TURNBULL (since 5 January 1999) and Lieutenant Governor Gererd LUZ James II (since 5 January 1999)


cabinet: NA


elections: US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for four-year terms; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 5 November 2002 (next to be held NA November 2006)


election results: Dr. Charles Wesley TURNBULL reelected governor; percent of vote - Dr. Charles Wesley TURNBULL (Democrat) 50.5%, John de Jongh 24.4%		 -
Exports $NA -
Exports - commodities refined petroleum products -
Exports - partners US, Puerto Rico -
Fiscal year 1 October - 30 September -
Flag description white, with a modified US coat of arms in the center between the large blue initials V and I; the coat of arms shows a yellow eagle holding an olive branch in one talon and three arrows in the other with a superimposed shield of vertical red and white stripes below a blue panel -
GDP purchasing power parity - $1.8 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $15,000 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate NA% -
Geographic coordinates 18 20 N, 64 50 W 20 00 S, 80 00 E
Geography - note important location along the Anegada Passage - a key shipping lane for the Panama Canal; Saint Thomas has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the Caribbean major chokepoints include Bab el Mandeb, Strait of Hormuz, Strait of Malacca, southern access to the Suez Canal, and the Lombok Strait
Highways total: 856 km


paved: NA km


unpaved: NA km


note: the only US posession where driving on the left side of the road is practiced (2000)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%		 -
Imports $NA -
Imports - commodities crude oil, foodstuffs, consumer goods, building materials -
Imports - partners US, Puerto Rico -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries tourism, petroleum refining, watch assembly, rum distilling, construction, pharmaceuticals, textiles, electronics -
Infant mortality rate 9.21 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) NA% -
International organization participation ECLAC (associate), Interpol (subbureau), IOC -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 50 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km -
Judicial branch US District Court of the Virgin Islands (under Third Circuit jurisdiction); Territorial Court (judges appointed by the governor for 10-year terms) -
Labor force 48,356 -
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 1%, industry 20%, services 79% (1990 est.) -
Land boundaries 0 km -
Land use arable land: 15%


permanent crops: 6%


other: 79% (1998 est.)		 -
Languages English (official), Spanish, Creole -
Legal system based on US laws -
Legislative branch unicameral Senate (15 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve two-year terms)


elections: last held 6 November 2002 (next to be held NA November 2004)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Democratic Party 8, ICM NA, no party affiliation NA


note: the Virgin Islands elects one non-voting representative to the US House of Representatives; election last held 6 November 2002 (next to be held NA November 2004); results - Donna M. CHRISTIAN-CHRISTENSON (Democrat) reelected		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 78.43 years


male: 74.55 years


female: 82.53 years (2002 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: NA


total population: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%		 -
Location Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico body of water between Africa, the Southern Ocean, Asia, and Australia
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Political Map of the World
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM		 -
Merchant marine none (2002 est.) -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the US -
National holiday Transfer Day (from Denmark to the US), 27 March (1917) -
Nationality noun: Virgin Islander(s)


adjective: Virgin Islander		 -
Natural hazards several hurricanes in recent years; frequent and severe droughts and floods; occasional earthquakes occasional icebergs pose navigational hazard in southern reaches
Natural resources sun, sand, sea, surf oil and gas fields, fish, shrimp, sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules
Net migration rate 0.12 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Democratic Party [Arturo WATLINGTON]; Independent Citizens' Movement or ICM [Usie RICHARDS]; Republican Party [Gary SPRAUVE] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 123,498 (July 2002 est.) -
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 1.04% (2002 est.) -
Ports and harbors Charlotte Amalie, Christiansted, Cruz Bay, Port Alucroix Chennai (Madras; India), Colombo (Sri Lanka), Durban (South Africa), Jakarta (Indonesia), Kolkata (Calcutta; India) Melbourne (Australia), Mumbai (Bombay; India), Richards Bay (South Africa)
Radio broadcast stations AM 5, FM 11, shortwave 0 (2002) -
Radios 107,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Baptist 42%, Roman Catholic 34%, Episcopalian 17%, other 7% -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.82 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female


total population: 0.87 male(s)/female (2002 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal; note - indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections -
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: modern, uses fiber-optic cable and microwave radio relay


international: submarine cable and satellite communications; satellite earth stations - NA		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 62,000 (1997) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 2,000 (1992) -
Television broadcast stations 2 (2002) -
Terrain mostly hilly to rugged and mountainous with little level land surface dominated by counterclockwise gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the southern Indian Ocean; unique reversal of surface currents in the northern Indian Ocean; low atmospheric pressure over southwest Asia from hot, rising, summer air results in the southwest monsoon and southwest-to-northeast winds and currents, while high pressure over northern Asia from cold, falling, winter air results in the northeast monsoon and northeast-to-southwest winds and currents; ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge and subdivided by the Southeast Indian Ocean Ridge, Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge, and Ninetyeast Ridge
Total fertility rate 2.24 children born/woman (2002 est.) -
Unemployment rate 4.9% (March 1999) -
Waterways none -
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